Economics :: essays research papers

EconomicsThe study of economics is helpful in several ways . Some of these Iwill comment on . First of all , technology levels affect a societies economy ,so by learning what products atomic number 18 produced and how they are produced , you cansee how technologically advanced a baseball club is . By examining where the producedgoods are sent/used you can get a fail idea of what type of government thesociety is run by . By studying an economy and seeing how the economy usesresources , you can learn what resources the society controls and which ones thesociety needs . Tied in with this factor of resources you can get an idea ofwhich countries have leverage over other countries .An economist how a society or government meets the needs and wants ofthe populace , either through production or commerce . Economists see the worldas a) profitable b) unprofitable c) and they see opportunity costs . Byviewing the world in such a manner they are able to help in the decision making confuse d with money and industry . They can help to save money , resources ,labor, and time .Microeconomics is the study of an overall economy . In studyingmicroeconomics you study a wider sphere of services , productions , exchanges .While not as discriminate as macroeconomics , you can get a broader picture andgrasp the basic concepts of an economy .Macroeconomics studies the study a single aspect of an economy , lets say themining of coal . You dont research the delivery , the market all you studyis the actual mining process . While this whitethorn be more limited in scale , you canlearn more about that specific process . You dont see the whole picture but youcan find the specifics on that subject .Personally I dont think that the physiocrats supposition would work . Ithink that if we tried to follow in that location theory and have the government abstainfrom interference , some of the smaller businesses would quickly be closed down .I think that a great many monopolies would be c reated and we would have the railroad barons problem that we had in the 20th century . I feel that thegovernment is hindering at many times , and in time they seem to be helpful insome areas .The business that I chose to depict was the custodial division at ChicoState University . Both of my parents work there so I chose this area of

Poverty and Crime in America Essay -- poverty essay

Crime in this country is an everyday thing. Some throng believe that crime is unnecessary. That spate do it out of ignorance and that it really can be prevented. Honestly, since we live in a country where there is exiguity, people living in the streets, or with people barely getting by, there will always be crime. Whether the crime is robbing food, money, or even hurting the people you love, your family. You will soon read intimately how being a criminal starts or even stops, where it begins, with whom it begins with and why crime seems to be the only way out sometimes for the poor.The exact amount of poverty that exits in the United States are difficult to ascertain, since the manner in which poverty is measured determines the amount of poverty reported. The U.S. Bureau of the Census reported that there were al some 33,100,00 persons classified as officially below the poverty level in 1985. Small children that live in low-income households, are vulnerable to a wide var iation of problems, including poor nutrition, inadequate housing, substandard medical attention, lack of proper nutrition, and physical or emotional abuse. Adolescents from these backgrounds become part of cycle of low-income or unemployment. Black and Hispanic teenagers have particularly acute problems obtaining employment. The prexys Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice recognized the role of poverty in producing delinquency and noted that the most serious forms of juvenile delinquencies are more prevalent between youths at the lowest socioeconomic levels. The fact that poverty is self-perpetuating is a documented fact. Criminal and dilapidated activity may also be an accepted part of the total picture for deprived kids. Its h... ...lewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc.Laub, J, & Sampson, R. (2003). Shared beginnings, divergent lives delinquent boys to age 70. The President and Fellows of Harvard College.Marcus, R. (2007). Agression and violence in ad olescence. New York, NY Cambridge University Press.Peterson, R, Krivo, L, & Hagan, J. (2006). The many colors of crime. NY New York University Press.Raphael, J. (2000). Saving bernice. Ann Arbor, MI Edwards Brothers, Inc.Shover, N, & Hochstetler, A. (2006). Choosing white-collar crime. New York, NY Cambridge University Press.Smith, M. (2001). Sex without consent. NY New York University Press.Thompson, W, & Bynum, J. (1991). Juvenile delinquency. Needham Heights, MA Allyn and Bacon A Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc.Wilson, H. (2007). Guns, gun control, and elections. Lanham, MD Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

Essay --

My fourth question to my interviewees was What is the best way to handle a bullying situation in school settings? Tamar state first thing is to take immediate action when bullying is observed. Respond in a timely manner to all reports of bullying. Provide protection for students who argon bullied. Establish support programs and resources for both the target and bully. These Strategies include establishing classroom rules against bullying, holding regular class meetings to discuss bullying at school. Karen said develop policies that repair bullying and provide appropriate responses to the problem. Apply school rules, policies, and sanctions fairly and consistently. Establish an effective system for reporting bullying, including adults who can be relied on to respond responsibly and sensitively. Explicitly, instill students to understand bullying and the consequences. In addition, Karen stated, I do not believe that Green River Community College is doing all the things I mentioned these comment made me go HUH? Alis response was to partner with law enforcement and mental health agencies to identify and address cases of serious bullying. Promote the norm for a bully-free school throughout the good school community. Engage students to help promote the norm of a bully-free school. My fifth question to my interviewees was What can the community partners do to help promote bully-free climate here at, Green River Community College? Tamar said community members can participate in problem-solving groups or ant-bullying policy committees here at the college. Community members can also dower positive cultural perspectives, norms, and expectations as models for students. Promote norms that signal the community does not tolerate bullying... ...g is allowed to continue, which it can have strong consequences effect. Green River Community College needs to plan their curriculum in promote anti-bullying climate in ways that highlights the anti-bullying message clearly to all students and faculties. One smart and efficient strategy to create an anti-bullying milieu will be conducting public announcements to offer an ideal way for student campaigns that promote anti-bully-free campus. This is also a way to encourage students to report bullying and teach them how to get help if they feel threatened. Also the colleges web site is a technology based way to communicate expectations of student behavior and show how bullying will be perceived and dealt with at the college. Posting the policy and notifying students, staff, and parents prevent misunderstanding and ensure clarity of intent for all concerned.

Naked Essay -- essays research papers

NakedDavid Sedaris Little Brown & co. 1997 The womens open1. Throughout the essay The womens open Davids father obsession for golf is shown. The power of his obsession leads him to forget what should be important to him.2. Sedaris expresses the lack of heart his father shows towards people and even his children when it comes down to golf. For subject the commencement ceremony day Lisa ever got her period was out on the golf argument while her dad was watching a professional tournament, at first while she complained about her book binding disturbs he just simply brushed her off. At the moment he realized the problem he asked a women just as devoted to golf as he to accompany her to the ladies room for a sanitary napkin. He kept David with him so he could stomach after the thin tees that usually flew 20 feet a management from the golfers swing, just so he could keep them for good luck. On a nonher occasion Lisas beat had recorded a video of movies that they enjoy watching toge ther. After her mother had passed away Lisa searched everywhere for the video her mother had made for her. She found it in her fathers cellar along with all his golf videos. As she began to watch the video memories began to arise until a man bending down on a golf course appeared on the screen. Her father had recorded a golf tournament over her mothers memories. Sedaris succeeded in letting the reader know how obsessed his father was with golf and the pain it put the family through.3. Sedaris begins with a short passage foreshadowing an event that will occur that day. He begins this way to let the reader know that there is sizeableness behind the story. After his foreshadowing he commences with the story.4. Sedaris uses descriptive sets of paragraphs followed by dialogue to express what is going on. For example, returning from the tournament they find Lisa lying in the back seat of his Porsche. the first word out of Lisas mouth were not too pleasant . My father sighed and shook his head in disappointment. This was the same way he reacted to my mother when anger and frustration caused her to forget herself. Lisa was not a daughter now but just another female unable to command her wildly shifting emotions. Dont mind her, he said wiping a thin coat of pollen of the wind shield. Shes just having lady problems. 5. I think Sedaris was very effective in his writing. I dont like g... ...fe to what I believe he wished it was. But when it comes down it, his family has as umpteen money problems as an average family.3. Beginning his first line of his first essay in his book with a command he would like to circulate one of his servants is misleading. Sedaris structures his essay in a way that makes the reader believe that he is rich. But he expresses how he was far from being rich.4. Sedaris language is beyond effective, his sentences are full of considedness and snobby comments. When asked most people say my greatest asset is my skin, which glows it really does I have to tie a sock over my eyes in order to sleep at night. Others like my eyes or my perfect ,gleaming teeth my thick head of hair or my imposing stature, but if you want my opinion, I think my most outstanding feature is my ability to accept a compliment. His conclusion to the story makes up for all the nonsense he had mentioned before.5. I thought Sedariss first essay chipped beef was a hilarious arrangement of considedness and make believe. Although this essay is not arranged with the perverted humor featured in some of his other essays, he had a very effective way in making the readers jape

Essay --

If there were a way to make a better race, a better society, or economy wouldnt you pass the chance? A new turn in science has occurred that could lead to the miscellany of the people of the world. Genetic Engineering is the process of using technology to change the genetic makeup of cells. Parents now have the power of modifying the unborn children to select traits they think is appropriate for their child. If you could change your child in hope to stop the saunter of disease going into its genes wouldnt you? The rapid advancement in technology makes designer babies a real possibility to society. By being able to rearrange traits in your unborn children could lead to endless useful opportunities.By selecting and taking out genes for your child it can cease the chances of your child having genetic diseases such as drop syndrome.This both saves children from suffering and reduces the cost and emotional strain of looking after a sick child. In the article Are Designer Babies Ethica l? by CBS News it stated that a survey suggested most people support building a better baby when it comes ...

Essay --

If there were a way to make a better race, a better society, or economy wouldnt you take the chance? A natural turn in science has occurred that could lead to the change of the people of the world. Genetic Engineering is the process of using technology to change the genetic makeup of cells. Parents at one time have the power of modifying the unborn children to select traits they think is appropriate for their child. If you could change your child in hope to stop the stroll of disease going into its genes wouldnt you? The fast advancement in technology makes designer babies a real possibility to society. By being able to rearrange traits in your unborn children could lead to undying useful opportunities.By selecting and taking out genes for your child it can cease the chances of your child having genetic diseases such as down syndrome.This both saves children from suffering and reduces the live and emotional strain of looking after a sick child. In the article Are Designer Babies Ethical? by CBS News it stated that a survey suggested most people support building a better baby when it comes ...

Nick Carraway Essay

cut off Carraway, the narrator and important character in the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is deeply characterized through what he says, thinks, and is seen as by others. Many different perspectives of Nick ar evident throughout the novel. He is judged and characterized by himself, his friends, and other strangers that he meets in the novel. Fitzgerald uses more dialogue to characterize Nick than other mediums. In the initiation of the book, on the first page, Nick himself declares that he is the narrator of the book.He states that he is inclined to reserve all judgements (Fitzgerald 1) because he has had many another(prenominal) advantages which the average person would not have had. This is the first bit of character that we see developed in Nicks character. He is not fast(a) to judge people simply because he knows that if he was, he would be trying to understand a life which has not been a part of him. It could overly mean that Nick is conscious of what oth er people tell him, because his father told him Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, just remember that all the people in this realism havent had the advantages that youve had (Fitzgerald 1).Clearly, Nick is an observant person based on the fact that the novel is narrated in such great detail by him. both friday five crates of lemons and oranges arrived from a fruiterer in New Yorkevery Monday these same oranges and lemons left his back door in a pyramid of pulpless halves (Fitzgerald 39). Nick is super observant, as observations just as detailed as that are told on most every page in the novel. Nick is not always as tender-hearted and understanding as he claims in the beginning of the novel, however. There are times, although only a few, when Nick is judgemental towards others.One quote stands out as a popular, recognizable line that Nick says on page 160. Theyre a rotten crowd, I shouted across the lawn. Youre worth the whole diabolical bunch put together (Fitzgerald 160 ). This quote is an indirect insult and criticism toward the neighbors and residents who attended a party at Gatsbys house. He shouts this to Gatsby after talking about Gatsbys past and how he ended up where he is now. Nick can be characterized in that quote as being either extremely appreciative of Gatsby or being extremely judgemental of the crowd at the party.Likely both, Nick is going against what he said about himself in the beginning of the novel, which also says that he sometimes makes false statements. Fitzgerald also uses physical descriptions to characterize Nick. Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn (Fitzgerald 41). Although not untold is described, only his clothes that night, we can still see character development within that description. The fact that hes wearing simple, white flannels, although fancy and expensive, are also very neutral and humble.Even though West Egg is considered to be New Money, Nick is more observant and in the background. It see ms as though he would rather watch something than be watched by something. He could have worn flagrant colors and flaunted himself, but he chose to do the opposite. some other somewhat physical description of Nick is that hes not a city-born character. He was born in Minnesota, not New York, and because of this, it could be implied that he grew up in a simpler place, where it did not matter what you wore or looked like.This can be considered while characterizing Nicks physical traits. Fitzgerald exemplifies Nicks characteristics in multiple ways throughout the novel. The evidence Fitzgerald provides for the reader is clearly given and shows how Nick is not always what he wishes he could be from a personality standpoint. What Fitzgerald did to show the different sides of Nicks character is a major reason he is considered among the top American novelists and The Great Gatsby is by distant his best work.

Corrution the cancer of Indian society

The problem In our country is not the lack of knowledge or sense abtaboo corrupt practices yet the lack of courage to stand against such practices It Is actually easy to target others including politicians but what about common man? WE run done to understand that the system is corrupt because we ar to a fault corrupt. First, we have to change ourselves therefore only we can expect change In others. This Is a very old method to point the fingers towards the wrongdoing of others. But no one is ready to check their own character. M really questioning the validity of self- referred office passel. Before pointing fingers towards others, including politicians and other government employees, we should Introspect ourselves. I am seeing that everybody is ready to abuse the system but what about ourselves. Are we common people really different from those who are in politics and other sphere of life and running this country? No, that is the truth. We are no more different from those wh om we are abusing continuously on different forum Including media.We are ready to talk about corruption till the time we want to abuse politics. For me doing anything ring is also a type of corruption and most of us in some way or other are involved in corrupt practices. It is kinda possible that most readers will not agree with me on this because they are also in the same boat. Let us see whatever what I am saying is correct or not. We are ready to pay money in the form of bribe to get connections of different types such as gas, water, and electricity all out of turn.There may be others In the society who are not able to pay such bribes to get such connections out of turn and even some time they have to Walt for longer period of time just because of people like us so called middle mob who ant corruption to be eradicated from society. There are others In the middle class especially small time businessmen like shopkeepers of different types, and they may be earning more than wh at we are getting in the form of our monthly salary but they are not ready to pay income tax.There will be more than 10 million such shops in our country and most of them are not paying enough taxes as per law. People opposing provide in retail sector are actually supporting such shopkeepers. What is the need in the world for the parties to fight on such important ignore of FED because of such tax evaders? They know very well how to evade Income tax and other taxes and they are at the same time running a market of black money. Whereas FED will bring a lot of money to the government in the form different taxes but it will envision transparency too in the retail segment.So basic question remains are we really Interested to eradicate corruption from our society? If the answer is yes, then we have to start from ourselves rather than ask others to do. First, we have to change and then only we can expect the change in suit. Let us break one person in each family take a vow to be not c orrupt whatever resistances will be there imagine me that more than 50% corruption will eradicate at very such time. Gandhi had stressed that there is enough in the world for mans need but hopelessly not adequate for his greed.In India, it is the greed of a very few individuals that has threatened the teeming billion odd population of starvation, environsal degradation, uncontrolled dress up in pollution and deteriorating environmental standards. Looking at Ago in the last 60 years, there is a visible difference. Ago through the mouth right up to the late sass sustained itself admirably on solar energy. The ignite of labor saw every Goanna earn his bread through the day and sleep peacefully at night. The spring waters were pure, clean and rich in minerals, smoothening, invigorating and refreshing.Food supply may not have been liberal but was adequate. The helpless and those unfortunates incapable of labor were looked after by the family, neighbors, friends or the societal form of institutions like the temple and church institutions or the likes of provider. No doubtfulness then that although there was exploitation of the maunders by a handful of bathmats, by and large the incidences of robberies, rapes, murders and crimes were ender control thus affording Goons the tag of a peaceful society.Goons were appreciated as gentle, hardworking, talented and a faithful workforce. Goanna musicians, cooks, clerks, doctors, administrators, nannies, personal assistants, engineers and scientists became role models in all walks of life and made their mark in politics too. Goons strives hard to ensure the environment remained clean, green and salubrious. Do we have courage to take such a vow? I dont think so. If yes, for which chances are very less, then it will be really good for the country as a whole.

Steve Jobs

According to this chapter, plus what you have learnt in the course on Marketing, what argon the FIVE most important things to do in Marketing Management? Explain why from severally one of the above five ideas is so important. 1. Creating trade name plan campaign Steve Jobs wanted to focus on creating home run enter campaign, and not on a set of advertisements featuring products. One of the most important objectives of doing this is to clear aw areness, better visualize, be memorable and reinforce defacement loyalty.Its very important to plan campaign by creating ideas, develop content and execution. They come up with this brilliant idea, think back Different, it was creating a lifestyle betray in tech industry. Jobs was focused on commercialize segments and costumers by identifying the special features and was making brand identified by means of its name, logo, color, design and slogan. This campaign pretends emotional relation of society to Apples character and brand . Even now when people bribe Apples products they decide to do this by emotional reasons to a greater extent than rational reasons. 2.Market segmentation Jobs focused on identification and movie of users groups. Changing from retailers to costumers take. The product review revealed how unfocused Apple had become. The company was churning prohibited double erosion of each product because of bureaucratic momentum and to satisfy the whims of retailers. One of the most important objectives is to develop mix that is focused on and matches the of necessity/wants of targeted segments. He delimit two segments professionals and consumers. Then he understand segment customers needs, wants and resistances.He selected target commercializes and set of solution to each of it than was focused on user behavior market segmentation parameters. 3. Customers portrait Jobs realized that Apple had a dozen version of the Macintosh, each with a efferent confusing number, from 1400 to 9600. To figur e step forward what the special characterization it took weeks to explain. Jobs finally was confusing by asking the question Which ones do tell my friend to grease ones palms? When he was not getting a simple serve he decide to slash away at models and products. To do this he first of all started to understand what customers characterization.Apple got an access to its database of customers when it reach a deal with source Computing to relinquish its license. What type of costumers, what are there functional needs, what are their present solutions? The coiffure to these questions Jobs understand that the market do not buy products, customers buy solutions. Jobs created brand relation enthrall and encouraged the customers to feel involved with Appeals brand. 4. Product line review Deciding what not to do is important as deciding what to do. When Jobs specify the segmentation and costumers he put it in a four-squared chart.Heres what we need Consumer pro Desktop Imax index numbe r Macintosh GO Portable book Power countersign GO The purpose is to make four great products one of each quadrant. Jobs was features for the products as desired functionality, performance, quality and liability. Jobs paid attention on customers benefits by dint of their needs/ wants. When the brand was strong and related to lifestyle in tech industry, customers knew that they buy the best product which provide them great feeling and emotional and performance benefits, extra for product specification and functionality.By focusing in this four products Jobs cut 70% of existing Apples products and models of Macintosh. This resulted by massive layoffs. The heartfelt engineers, including some whose projects were killed, were appreciative. Jobs wanted to relocate good minds for essential evildoing of main products. 5. Getting the company out of other business such as printers and servers Jobs couldnt understand why company going to institutionalise a million and not make money on t hese. He proposed that he will get out of printer business and just allow to HP do it.He also cancelled the Newton, the personal digital assistant with the almost good handwriting-recognition System. The ability to focus on main products saved Apple. The set off more than three thousand people, which salvage the companys balance sheet. Its also very important to concentrate on best companies products and to correct brand image by allowting the costumers to feel that the company does the best solution in Operation System and provide the best product which including all customers needs and wants. The brand name is associating with high quality and great design computers.What other ideas about Marketing Management did you welcome in this Chapter, and why do you think was each one of them less important? 1 . Choosing the right agency for integrated marketing communications. Apple was going through a review to select a new agency, and Jobs was not impressed by what he had seen. So he wanted Slow and his firm, by then called In my opinion, this is one of main ideas except not an important because Steve Jobs had his own vision and touch of marketing strategy that could be implemented by different good agencies. . Narration Choosing well-known and prevalent person to make a narration of Apple brand promotion. Richard Dressers was chosen for this. There was an offer to use Steve Jobs voice for this campaign just Steve told If people let on out they will say its about me. Its not. Its about Apple. Its important to choose the right person in ad campaign to promote Apples brand but its less important as to hose the right product for costumers needs and wants. 3. Ad campaign Television commercials and print campaigns.Its important when company create brand image but it will be hard to do when products not fit to customers needs. Before doing it more important to understand who is your costumers and what theirs need/wants. 4. cleanup position the clones It was on e of the great debate about Apple was whether it should have licensed its operating system more aggressively to other computer makers. When Apple allowed licensing out the Macintosh SO it turned out to be a dubious business strategy. The clones cannibalized the sales.Steve Jobs According to this chapter, plus what you have learnt in the course on Marketing, what are the FIVE most important things to do in Marketing Management? Explain why each of the above five ideas is so important. 1. Creating brand image campaign Steve Jobs wanted to focus on creating brand image campaign, and not on a set of advertisements featuring products. One of the most important objectives of doing this is to create awareness, improve image, be memorable and reinforce brand loyalty.Its very important to plan campaign by creating ideas, develop content and execution. They come up with this brilliant idea, cipher Different, it was creating a lifestyle brand in tech industry. Jobs was focused on market segme nts and costumers by identifying the special features and was making brand identified through its name, logo, color, design and slogan. This campaign creates emotional relation of society to Apples image and brand. Even now when people buy Apples products they decide to do this by emotional reasons more than rational reasons. 2.Market segmentation Jobs focused on identification and characterization of users groups. Changing from retailers to costumers needs. The product review revealed how unfocused Apple had become. The company was churning out octuple erosion of each product because of bureaucratic momentum and to satisfy the whims of retailers. One of the most important objectives is to develop mix that is focused on and matches the needs/wants of targeted segments. He defined two segments professionals and consumers. Then he understand segment customers needs, wants and resistances.He selected target markets and set of solution to each of it than was focused on user behavior ma rket segmentation parameters. 3. Customers characterization Jobs realized that Apple had a dozen version of the Macintosh, each with a efferent confusing number, from 1400 to 9600. To figure out what the special characterization it took weeks to explain. Jobs finally was confusing by asking the question Which ones do tell my friend to buy? When he was not getting a simple answer he decide to slash away at models and products. To do this he first of all started to understand what customers characterization.Apple got an access to its database of customers when it reach a deal with Power Computing to relinquish its license. What type of costumers, what are there functional needs, what are their present solutions? The answer to these questions Jobs understand that the market do not buy products, customers buy solutions. Jobs created brand relationship and encouraged the customers to feel involved with Appeals brand. 4. Product line review Deciding what not to do is important as deciding what to do. When Jobs defined the segmentation and costumers he put it in a four-squared chart.Heres what we need Consumer pro Desktop Imax Power Macintosh GO Portable book Power hold up GO The purpose is to make four great products one of each quadrant. Jobs was features for the products as desired functionality, performance, quality and liability. Jobs paid attention on customers benefits through their needs/ wants. When the brand was strong and related to lifestyle in tech industry, customers knew that they buy the best product which provide them good feeling and emotional and performance benefits, additional for product specification and functionality.By focusing in this four products Jobs cut 70% of existing Apples products and models of Macintosh. This resulted by massive layoffs. The good engineers, including some whose projects were killed, were appreciative. Jobs wanted to relocate good minds for essential evildoing of main products. 5. Getting the company out of other bu siness such as printers and servers Jobs couldnt understand why company going to ship a million and not make money on these. He proposed that he will get out of printer business and just let to HP do it.He also cancelled the Newton, the personal digital assistant with the almost good handwriting-recognition System. The ability to focus on main products saved Apple. The hardened off more than three thousand people, which salvage the companys balance sheet. Its also very important to concentrate on best companies products and to improve brand image by letting the costumers to feel that the company does the best solution in Operation System and provide the best product which including all customers needs and wants. The brand name is associating with high quality and great design computers.What other ideas about Marketing Management did you find in this Chapter, and why do you think was each one of them less important? 1 . Choosing the right agency for integrated marketing communicatio ns. Apple was going through a review to select a new agency, and Jobs was not impressed by what he had seen. So he wanted Slow and his firm, by then called In my opinion, this is one of main ideas but not an important because Steve Jobs had his own vision and touch of marketing strategy that could be implemented by different good agencies. . Narration Choosing well-known and public person to make a narration of Apple brand promotion. Richard Dressers was chosen for this. There was an offer to use Steve Jobs voice for this campaign but Steve told If people find out they will say its about me. Its not. Its about Apple. Its important to choose the right person in ad campaign to promote Apples brand but its less important as to hose the right product for costumers needs and wants. 3. Ad campaign Television commercials and print campaigns.Its important when company create brand image but it will be hard to do when products not fit to customers needs. Before doing it more important to un derstand who is your costumers and what theirs need/wants. 4. cleanup position the clones It was one of the great debate about Apple was whether it should have licensed its operating system more aggressively to other computer makers. When Apple allowed licensing out the Macintosh SO it turned out to be a dubious business strategy. The clones cannibalized the sales.

We Are Becoming Increasingly Dependent on Computer Technology

As we move into the twenty-first century, it is clear to see that we have become more and more dependent on figurers and information technology. This technology now reaches into almost every area of our lives and it is easy to predict that this phenomenon is only going to grow. My personal belief is that this presents a variety of dangers. It is highly likely that in the future there will be comparatively few aspects of our lives that will not be influenced by computer technology.The probability is that it will control more and more forms of communication, transforming fields such as education and business when video-conferencing platforms become more stable. It might even touch on romance with more people forming relationships online. While there may be benefits to this technological revolution, there are also a number of potential dangers. maybe the most serious of these would be that if people rely on computers too much for communication, they could in fact begin to communicate less well.For example, if every subdivision of a family had their own computer screen and smart phone, they might speak less and less often to one another and simply look at a screen. This would be serious because our ability to communicate is an essential part of our humanity. My conclusion is that the growth of computer technology is inevitable, but that this may not be entirely positive. Just one area in which it is possible to foresee dangers is communication, and if we are going to ensure that computers do not become a negatively charged influence, we need to think carefully how we use them. (273 words)

Verba and Non-Verbal Communication Theories

In all communication events, unless there is a relationship between actions and words, the federal agency can be wrongly interpreted. I observed a conversation between a bartender and a customer in busy and crowded bar. The customer valued the buy one more double bourbon but the bartender ref utilise to sell to him. This resulted in a series of communication theories, which will be analysed later.In put in to analyse the communication theories that provide most insight into understanding the dynamics of the observed event, it is necessary to define what communication is and examine the different communication models and theories used in the observed event. In the context of the observed event, oral and gestural communication, paralanguage, noise (psychological and physical), attribution errors, body movements (emblems, illustrators, affect displays and regulators) are the communication theories that will be examined to show how they all combine to give more sum to messages. Communication is a process of which information flows from one source to a receiver and back. ( who) communication is a two right smart process which is land up only when the receiver gives feedback that he or she has soundless the message. When people use words to communicate, they do non just listen to what is said in order to understand the message. They also look at the person who is speaking to see what their body is doing and listen to the way they are saying the words to understand their full message. For example, in the observed event, 80% of the communication has been made before the customer even opened his rim to speak.The customer staggered to the bar and communicatively asked to be served one more double bourbon. The bartender refused to serve him because he knew the customer is already drunk and according to the NSW law, should not be served any more drinks. The question is how did the bartender know the customer was drunk? As opposed to the verbal message, the b artender was able to decipher the nonverbal messages organism sent by the customer the disturbed balance in his movement, his glassy eyes, smell of alcohol, sweat on his face, and the muddled speech. ll these indicated to the bartender that this customer is drunk.When his pick up was denied, the customer became defensive saying he was not drunk. He refused the alternative non-alcoholic drinks offered by the bartender and became instantly aggressive, yelling and abusing the bartender. One could read the evidence of paralanguage in the customers voice. Paralanguage is the vocal (but nonverbal) dimension of speech. (reading 2. 2) one could read from the high pitch of his voice, and the angry tone of his voice which was becoming audible that the customer is beginning to get angry and aggressive.One could also see the angry look on his face this is called affect display which is any randy response in a communication. There are also different body movements by both the bartender and t he customer that all gave more meaning to the conversation. For example, when the customer could not be controlled, the bartender called the security staff by raising his hand palm up and establishing eye contact with him. The security understood immediately that his service was needed at the bar.This nonverbal body movement is called emblems. According to ( textbook p. 69) emblems are those gestures that have a specific verbal translation. other body movement was the way the bartender was shaking his head side to side at the same time he was declining the customers request. This showcase is called an illustrator. Illustrators are all those gestures that go along with our speech. (textbook p. 70) There was also the evidence of repetitions of messages in the observed event. the bartender had to explain to the customer over and over over again why he would not serve him more alcohol because the customer kept saying he should be served now.Here, there was difficulty getting the mess age across to the customer and this could be due to a particular barrier to communication called noise. Noise is any distortion factor that blocks, disrupts, or distrusts the message being sent to the receiver, interfering with the communication process. (textbook p. 7) In this context, the noise could be psychological due to the emotional state of the customer (being drunk) or physical noise stemming from the crummy music in the club and also the presence of many people. Not getting the message across easily could also be due to attribution errors which are errors people make because they assign a certain meaning to something that was not intended.In this event, the customer is of Indian origin so it could be that he understood the bartenders shaking of head to be a Yes instead of No. This is because a slow shaking of head in India means Yes. The presence of regulators such as pauses that occurred throughout this conversation indicate opportunities for feedback and responses to be sure the other person is listening. To conclude, communication, which is the exchange of ideas, knowledge, information and attitudes, is much more than words.Although verbal and nonverbal communication are similar in that they both convey meanings and different in more ways, both of them put together provide complete meaning of the message. Even though they work together, it is nonverbal communication that accounts for 65 to 93% of the total meaning of communication. (birdwhitsell, 1970 mehrabian, 1981). This means that what is not being said in a communication determines the success or failure of that communication. Due to the dynamic nature of communications, it is important to master nonverbal behaviours especially in service industries corresponding tourism and hospitality for effective communication.The bartender being able to know the customer was drunk was due to the nonverbal symptoms of drunkenness. Most symptoms of drunkenness are familiar irrespective of age, gender, c ulture or origin and can be easily identified. Thus the different communication theories used in this communication event verbal and nonverbal communication (vocal and nonvocal), the different types of body movements, noise (physical and psychological), attribution errors all combine to provide the most insight into understanding the dynamics of the observed event.

Biography of al Capone

The most interesting man in the history of Chicagos underworld would most probably be the man nicknamed Scarface. This scarface gained notoriety because of his exploits and violence in the streets of Chicago. A man who started as a mediocre Italian boy growing up in Brooklyn and becoming arguably the most popular jampack boss in the whole of the United States, Al Capone was a superstar of the umbrage world. Producing magnanimous amounts of money all the way up, his richness was unparalleled during his time. It is his wealth, sinful activities, fame and fortune that put Al Capone on the international map.Up until today, he has been an interesting subject due to his controversial actions and enviable wealth that was produced by illegal personal credit line activities. Al Capones rap sheet goes on and on. He was arrested for violating traffic rules, owning a prostitution den, and also for disorderly conduct which were all dismissed. Capone was also arrested for voting fraud, and d oubly for a suspicion of murder where hew was discharged. He also replyd time in Pennsylvania for carrying a concealed weapon and was fined in Illinois for the same accusation. (Lorizzo, 2003).But the crime that convicted this infamous crime boss was tax evasion. His yearly income is interesting enough to discuss. AL CAPONE To further understand Al Capone, this paper includes a background more or less the man. The following paragraphs discusses the life and times of the infamous scarface, Al Capone. Named Alphonse Capone, he was given birth in Brooklyn, New York during the year 1899. Being born with Italian parents to wit Gabriele and Teresa, Al was brought to the United States due to his parents migrating from Italy. During 1917, he was hired as a bouncer in Coney Island Harvard Inn.He was caught in a fight. This was the cause of the three scars on his face which earned him his nickname. After quitting his job a couple of years later, during 1921, Capone went to Chicago and work ed for Johnny Torrio. He was 22 and recruited as a bootlegger. After the fugacious of the National Prohibition Act during the year 1920, Torrio became one of the persons who set up an illegal alcohol business. Capones first job was to persuade people to that the illegal alcohol of Torrio. After three years, Al Capone was promoted as manager and became a business partner of Johnny Torrio.After a while, he took over the business. Capone operated 161 illegal drinking establishments and grew into a policy of using violence just to seize the competition. The wealth he had conquered due to these illegal activities and killings make Al Capone a superstar in the crimeworld, almost feared by most men. A series of massacres was undertaken by Capones gang. One of which was the most notorious St. Valentines Day Massacre. During February 14, 1929, dressed in police uniforms, Capones men created a diversion as if they were really police officers.The place was a building and headquarters of Geo rge Bus Moran, who is also a bottlegger, and his North Side gang. It was reported that devil machine guns and two shotguns were used to kill the men. 150 bullets was the total that Capone fired into the victims. Killed were six from Morans gang and one was an unlucky friend. Capone having an alibi, said that during the massacre he was in Florida. Just a few were convicted and arrested of the murderers during the period of Capone. The likes of him were capable to manipulate people especially the police and also the potential witnesses by using bribery.Many cases were evaded by Capone but during June 5, 1931 he was indicted 22 counts of tax evasion. During the October 6, he was found guilty on 5 counts of tax evasion. His appeals were denied during May 3 of 1932 and by that year also, he began to serve his time in the Atlanta Penitentiary. After a few years, exactly August 19, 1934, Capone was transferred to Alcatraz. During 1939, he was also moved to Terminal Island, south of Los An geles. On the eighth of November the same year, Capone was transferred to Lewisburg Penitentiary in Pennsylvania. He paroled on the 16th of November. During 1939, Capone was diagnosed with Syphilis.In January of 1945, Al Capone became as one of the initial civilians who got penicillin treatment due to syphilis. During the twenty-fifth of January, 1947, Alphonse Capone died. (Lorizzo, 2003). Al Capone became a very affluent man. It was believed that during the 1920s Capone payed $20,000 for an automobile, which during that time was a huge amount of money. His wealth and notoriety launched his popularity but it was also the cause of his demise. After pouring over his outlays for foods and operate from 1926 to 1929 and adding in his fixed possessions, they cam up with about $165,000 of taxable income.Given the assumption that Capone was taking in up to $100 million some years, the amount seemed trivial. Yet it made the case against Capone possible. The legality of such a net worth cas e was still to be decided by the Supreme Court. (Lorizzo, p. 76, 2003). CONCLUSION Al Capone was a man who changed the scene of the underworld of crime and violence. He walked the earth as a notorious and feared man of high rank. There was even an estimation that he had incomes of $60,000,000 for alcohol, $25,000. 000 from gambling establishments, $10,000,000 from other rackets and another $10,000,000 for vices.It was also claimed that Scarface employed over 600 gangsters just to defend his business from other counterpart gangs. A lot can be said about Capone, affluent, violent, intelligent and a lot more. But the most appropriate definition of Al Capone would be, is that he was a man of character. Whether a problematic guy, he rose to fame and still is an interesting personality until today. WORKS CITED Lorizzo, Luciano. Al Capone A Biography. Westport, CT Greenwood Press, 2003. http//foia. fbi. gov/foiaindex/capone. htm http//www. chicagohs. org/history/capone. html http//www. u mich. edu/eng217/student_projects/nkazmers/thelaw1. html

Midterm Exam

What went wrong with Saturn? closure Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or Toyota, earning a low 3% rate of recollect. Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or Toyota, earning a low 3% rate of enquire 3 Economic profit is delimit as the remnant amid revenue and . dish up enumerate economical cost oppugn 4 The primary objective of a for-profit firm is to maximise stockholder piss account Which of the following exit increase (VOW), the shargonholder wealth minimization model of the firm VOW(sh ars give awaystanding) = Met=l (n t)/ (l+eke)t + Real Option Value.Answer Decrease the necessitate rate of return (eke). interrogative 6 O out of 4 points The moral hazard in team production a show ups from lack of proper subsidization of individualistic tasks a conflict between tactic altogethery distribute up interest and angiotensin-converting enzymes avocation Question 7 will be projects with Answer high put on the line Question 8 The approximate probabili ty of a measure occurring that is greater than one standard release from the mean is approximately (assuming a normal distribution) Answer 15. 7% Question 9 coefficient of variation standard deviation pass judgment value Correct Answer efficient of variation standard deviation expected value Question 10 The level of an economic bodily function should be increased to the point where the zero.Answer net marginal benefit Question 1 1 is A spay in the level of an economic military action is desirable and should be undertaken as long as the marginal benefits exceed the marginal cost Question 12 The standard deviation is appropriate to pottyvass the risk between two investments only if Answer the expected returns from the investments atomic number 18 approximately t wholey Correct Answer the expected returns from the investments are approximately equalQuestion 13 Songwriters and composers press music companies to lower the price for music downloads because Answer songwriter roya lties are a percentage of gross sales revenue Question 14 The factor(s) which cause(s) a movement along the guide curve include(s) Answer decrease in price of the estimable look ated Question 15 Those goods having a calculated income elasticity that is prohibit are c totallyed Answer subscript goods An increase in each of the following factors would normally digest a consequent increase in quantity demanded, pull Answer level of competitor advertisingQuestion 17 Which of the following would tend to watch demand springless? No one real(a)ly wants the product at all the proportion of the budget spent on the item is very(prenominal) small When demand is a percentage veer in is exactly off counterbalance by the same percentage change in demanded, the net progeny being a eternal total consumer expenditure.Answer unit of measurement elastic price quantity Question 19 Auto dealers slash prices at the end of the model year in resolution to deficient demand/excess inventory but restaurants set about the same problem slash production because Answer rice elasticity of supply in autos is smaller than the unconditional value of price elasticity of demand but the reverse is uncoiled for restaurants Correct Answer of demand but the reverse is true for restaurants In reversal analysis, the pull roundence of a significant standard in successive values of the error term constitutes Answer autocorrelation Question 21 In regression analysis, the earth of a high degree of intercalation among some or all of the explanatory variables in the regression equation constitutes.Midterm testingWhat went wrong with Saturn? Answer Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or Toyota, earning a low 3% rate of return. Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or Toyota, earning a low 3% rate of Question 3 Economic profit is defined as the difference between revenue and . Answer total economic cost Question 4 The primary objective of a for-profit firm is to maximize sh areholder value Which of the following will increase (VOW), the shareholder wealth minimization model of the firm VOW(shares outstanding) = Met=l (n t)/ (l+eke)t + Real Option Value.Answer Decrease the required rate of return (eke). Question 6 O out of 4 points The moral hazard in team production arises from lack of proper assignment of individual tasks a conflict between tactically best interest and ones duty Question 7 will be projects with Answer high risk Question 8 The approximate probability of a value occurring that is greater than one standard deviation from the mean is approximately (assuming a normal distribution) Answer 15. 7% Question 9 coefficient of variation standard deviation expected value Correct Answer efficient of variation standard deviation expected value Question 10 The level of an economic activity should be increased to the point where the zero.Answer net marginal benefit Question 1 1 is A change in the level of an economic activity is desirable and should b e undertaken as long as the marginal benefits exceed the marginal costs Question 12 The standard deviation is appropriate to compare the risk between two investments only if Answer the expected returns from the investments are approximately equal Correct Answer the expected returns from the investments are approximately equalQuestion 13 Songwriters and composers press music companies to lower the price for music downloads because Answer songwriter royalties are a percentage of sales revenue Question 14 The factor(s) which cause(s) a movement along the demand curve include(s) Answer decrease in price of the good demanded Question 15 Those goods having a calculated income elasticity that is negative are called Answer inferior goods An increase in each of the following factors would normally provide a subsequent increase in quantity demanded, except Answer level of competitor advertisingQuestion 17 Which of the following would tend to make demand INELASTIC? No one really wants the prod uct at all the proportion of the budget spent on the item is very small When demand is a percentage change in is exactly offset by the same percentage change in demanded, the net result being a constant total consumer expenditure.Answer unit elastic price quantity Question 19 Auto dealers slash prices at the end of the model year in response to deficient demand/excess inventory but restaurants facing the same problem slash production because Answer rice elasticity of supply in autos is smaller than the absolute value of price elasticity of demand but the reverse is true for restaurants Correct Answer of demand but the reverse is true for restaurants In regression analysis, the existence of a significant pattern in successive values of the error term constitutes Answer autocorrelation Question 21 In regression analysis, the existence of a high degree of intercalation among some or all of the explanatory variables in the regression equation constitutes.Midterm ExamFor humans it is the strength for long-term guardianship of upbeat, which in turn depends on the maintenance of the cancel world and inborn mental imagerys. As the earths human population has increased, natural ecosystems make up declined and changes in the balance of tribulation cycles stomach had a negative concussion on both humans and other living systems.Paul Hawked provides 1 2 steps towards a sustainable society. First, Hawked argues that nation and content governments should reclaim their origin to regulate corporations by rewriting and re newfangleding current corporate charters. Second, Hawked agrees that companies and consumers should be squeeze to include all the environsal and brotherly costs in making, producing, using, and disposing of products in the cost of goods. three, we should tax the amount of non-renewable resources, the amount of fossil eels, the amount of waste, and the amount of milieu destroyed or ab apply.Fourth, Hawked says that governments should lease com panies the pay to use and control certain resources such(prenominal) as fisheries, forests. By making these companies profits dependent on how tillable these resources are, they will mystify a real incentive to protect and even restore these environments to health. Fifth, companies would compete to create industrial design processes in which they greatly sign on their waste. Instead of depending on polluting the environment with their wastes, companies should fancy out owe to reduce wastes and actually make them a source of profits.Sixth, consumers would lease the right to use products such as us or cars from companies and the companies are responsible for recycling and disposing of those products when the consumer is done using them. Seventh, here Hawked encourages consumers and citizens to put pressure on their politicians and governments to create and enforce fastidious environmental, health, and social standards. Eighth, Hawked argues that local, state, and national gover nments must erstwhile again be active overseers and regulators of corporations and businesses.Currently corporations argue that governments should non interfere in business and disrupt the magic of renounce enterprise and the market. Ninth, hoi polloi need to be taught to understand and consider the larger environmental and social impacts of their actions. Fifth familiar better understand the environmental risks and benefits of their actions, they would have real incentives to take actions that would protect the environment, their health, and the well-being of their society. Tenth, Hawked tells that we need to do local, state, national, and global surveys of the environment and the impact Of our activities on genius.Eleventh, Hawked thinks that environmentalists will only successfully win the validate of the poor and Third World passels if they change them that such environmental and economic reforms will improve their health and standards of living. Twelfth, Hawked conclud es that these economic and environmental reforms can non be solely ground on economic incentives and profits. These reforms must to a fault be focused on the individual, social, cultural, environmental, and religious benefits of protecting and restoring the environment.Ways of living to a greater extent sustainable can take numerous forms. Green building, sustainable agriculture, or sustainable architecture, or using science to develop new technologies, green technologies, renewable energy, to adjustments in individual spiritstyles that conserve natural resources. 2. Explain Andrew Dobbins judgementl of Eco logical systemal Citizenship. run short out with a relevant quote from Dobbins essay and proceed to explain the terms involved and the overall significance of this notion. Citizenship is being a part of the society.Ecological citizenship is the state, reference point or behavior of a person viewed as a member of the ecosystem with attendant rights and responsibilities, e specially the state to have got ecologic wholeness and the right to exist in a healthy environment. From the reading, Ecological citizenship deals in the currency of non-contractual righteousness, it inhabits the private as well as the public sphere, it refers to the source or else than the nature of tariff to determine what count as citizenship virtues, it works with the language of virtue, and it is explicitly non-territorial. (89) However, bionomic citizenship, like ecologist, moves in radically new directions. As a means to cite global unsuitability, citizenship must exist in an entirely different non-territorial political space, and the space in which a redefined citizenship can be situated is our individual ecologic remnant. In other words, ecological citizenship is an essential prerequisite of a sustainable society. The PRI uncial ecological citizenship obligation is fix that ecological whole tone makes a sustainable, quite than an unsustainable, impact. (1 1 8) Ecological citizenship is presented as an example and inflection of post-cosmopolitan citizenship. It is contrasted with environmental citizenship. The idea of ecological footprint is a entangled measure, which informs sustainable development, ecological economics and urban studies. It is quickly becoming a very practical tool for measuring human impact on the Earths resource base. The ecological footprint is presented as the ecological citizenship, it is used to cause and effect that call forth post-cosmopolitan obligations. . Michael Mandates criticizes the practice of individualizing responsibility. Explain what does that mean. Michael Mandates mentioned in his article, My claim in this chapter is that an accelerating individualizing of responsibility in the fall in States is narrowing, in solemn ways, our environmental imagination and undermining our capacity to react effectively to environmental threats to human wellbeing. Those troubled by overcompensation, consumerism , and communication should not and cannot ignore this narrowing.Confronting the individualizing of responsibility patently undermines. (374) The result is to narrow our collective ability to imagine and pursue a variety of productive responses to the environmental problems before us. When responsibility for environmental problems is individualized, thither is little room to ponder institutions, the nature and exercise of political power, or ways of collectively changing the district option of power and influence in society. Many people think that environmental problems are for other people or the government to do something about.But, the environmental issues impact on the quality of life of each and individuals of us, as well as all coming(prenominal) generations. Many people also question, What difference can I make? The answer to this is overcritical it is the combined impact of everyones activities which will make a preference, just as democracy only works if enough people ta ke the date and endeavor to cast their individual votes, which lead to what the majority desire. If everyone takes care of their immediate surroundings and minimizes their own individual resource use, then together these actions will make a difference. . What are the principles Of opinion practiced by CEO-Feminism according to Ecological womens liberation movement is based on the premise that there Karen J. Warren? Exists a connection between the domination of women the flush it and exploitation of the natural world. According to Karen J. Warren, she gives us a new way of looking and understanding things. She claims that an oppressive abstract modeling is the set of values and attitudes that reach the way in which we look at the world. There exists a characteristic in our oppressive conceptual model, which is called the logic of domination.Warrens issue isnt so much that this sieve of system is used in the framework, but the way in which it is used that ultimately make wome n inferior. Her point is that this very same framework, which leads to the logic of domination, is also used to oppress the natural world. It is a feminism that critiques masculine bias wherever it occurs in ethics (including environmental ethics) and alms at providing an ethic (including an environmental ethic), which is not male biased-and it does so in a way that satisfies the preliminary boundary conditions of a feminist ethic. (11) Based on her idea, this framework identifies women with nature. Since nature is deemed inferior to man, then women homogeneous are deemed inferior since they are parallel to nature. In conclusion, in order to abolish both the oppression of women and nature this conceptual framework must e abolished. At the end of the chapter she said, A re-conceiving and re- visioning of both feminism and environmental ethics, is, I think, the power and promise of coefficients. (1 5) Coefficients combines the philosophy of feminism with the principles of ecology an d environmental ethics.Coefficients generally claims that the senile structures of our society are what cause environmental degradation. 6. What is, according to Hans Jonas, the categorical imperative, I. E. The absolute commandment, of our age? Is this an anthropocentric view? deal and explain. The main idea of this reading is shown at the beginning, Care for the future of mankind is the overruling duty of collective human action in the age of a adept civilization that has conk almighty, if not in its productive then at least in its destructive potential. (77) Theres a major impact on the environment in the contradictory future. We are on the verge of population explosion. While the population has reached a record high, the resources to meet the increasing population have not increased in the same ratio. On the contrary, we are destroying the limited resources at a rapid peed, and very soon we would have used up all the non-renewable resources totally.Unless we take cover pr eventive steps in this direction, the incidences and the impact of these disasters would only multiply and would seriously affect the lifestyle and standard of living of future generations. Its time for actions. The further thoughtfulness that in any(prenominal) time is left the corrections will become more and more difficult and the freedom to make them more and more restricted. This heightens the duty to that vigilance oer the beginnings which grants priority to well-?grounded ears over against hopes, even if no less well grounded. (91) We are in the present generation are forewarned about the impending damage we have been inflicting on our environment and our own health. Future generations will have to bear the dire consequences by the environmental devastation. such(prenominal) damage poses long threats that affect the health and wellbeing of future generations. It is about time that we gave thoughtful consideration to protect future generations. It is about time that we ris e and speak for the interests of future generations, so that they are able to live on a healthy planet.Midterm ExamFor humans it is the potential for long-term maintenance of well-being, which in turn depends on the maintenance of the natural world and natural resources. As the earths human population has increased, natural ecosystems have declined and changes in the balance of trial cycles have had a negative impact on both humans and other living systems.Paul Hawked provides 1 2 steps towards a sustainable society. First, Hawked argues that state and national governments should reclaim their power to regulate corporations by rewriting and renewing current corporate charters. Second, Hawked agrees that companies and consumers should be forced to include all the environmental and social costs in making, producing, using, and disposing of products in the cost of goods. Third, we should tax the amount of non-renewable resources, the amount of fossil eels, the amount of waste, and the amount of environment destroyed or abused.Fourth, Hawked says that governments should lease companies the right to use and control certain resources such as fisheries, forests. By making these companies profits dependent on how productive these resources are, they will have a real incentive to protect and even restore these environments to health. Fifth, companies would compete to create industrial design processes in which they greatly reduce their waste. Instead of depending on polluting the environment with their wastes, companies should figure out owe to reduce wastes and actually make them a source of profits.Sixth, consumers would lease the right to use products such as us or cars from companies and the companies are responsible for recycling and disposing of those products when the consumer is done using them. Seventh, here Hawked encourages consumers and citizens to put pressure on their politicians and governments to create and enforce strict environmental, health, and soci al standards. Eighth, Hawked argues that local, state, and national governments must once again be active overseers and regulators of corporations and businesses.Currently corporations argue that governments should not interfere in business and disrupt the magic of free enterprise and the market. Ninth, people need to be taught to understand and consider the larger environmental and social impacts of their actions. Fifth public better understand the environmental risks and benefits of their actions, they would have real incentives to take actions that would protect the environment, their health, and the well-being of their society. Tenth, Hawked tells that we need to do local, state, national, and global surveys of the environment and the impact Of our activities on nature.Eleventh, Hawked thinks that environmentalists will only successfully win the support of the poor and Third World peoples if they convince them that such environmental and economic reforms will improve their healt h and standards of living. Twelfth, Hawked concludes that these economic and environmental reforms cannot be solely based on economic incentives and profits. These reforms must also be focused on the individual, social, cultural, environmental, and religious benefits of protecting and restoring the environment.Ways of living more sustainable can take many forms. Green building, sustainable agriculture, or sustainable architecture, or using science to develop new technologies, green technologies, renewable energy, to adjustments in individual lifestyles that conserve natural resources. 2. Explain Andrew Dobbins notion of Ecological Citizenship. Start out with a relevant quote from Dobbins essay and proceed to explain the terms involved and the overall significance of this notion. Citizenship is being a part of the society.Ecological citizenship is the state, character or behavior of a person viewed as a member of the ecosystem with attendant rights and responsibilities, especially t he responsibility to maintain ecological integrity and the right to exist in a healthy environment. From the reading, Ecological citizenship deals in the currency of non-contractual responsibility, it inhabits the private as well as the public sphere, it refers to the source rather than the nature of responsibility to determine what count as citizenship virtues, it works with the language of virtue, and it is explicitly non-territorial. (89) However, ecological citizenship, like ecologist, moves in radically new directions. As a means to address global unsuitability, citizenship must exist in an entirely different non-territorial political space, and the space in which a redefined citizenship can be located is our individual ecological footprint. In other words, ecological citizenship is an essential prerequisite of a sustainable society. The PRI uncial ecological citizenship obligation is ensure that ecological footprint makes a sustainable, rather than an unsustainable, impact. ( 1 1 8) Ecological citizenship is presented as an example and inflection of post-cosmopolitan citizenship. It is contrasted with environmental citizenship. The idea of ecological footprint is a composite measure, which informs sustainable development, ecological economics and urban studies. It is quickly becoming a very practical tool for measuring human impact on the Earths resource base. The ecological footprint is presented as the ecological citizenship, it is used to cause and effect that call forth post-cosmopolitan obligations. . Michael Mandates criticizes the practice of individualizing responsibility. Explain what does that mean. Michael Mandates mentioned in his article, My claim in this chapter is that an accelerating individualizing of responsibility in the United States is narrowing, in dangerous ways, our environmental imagination and undermining our capacity to react effectively to environmental threats to human wellbeing. Those troubled by overcompensation, consumer ism, and communication should not and cannot ignore this narrowing.Confronting the individualizing of responsibility patently undermines. (374) The result is to narrow our collective ability to imagine and pursue a variety of productive responses to the environmental problems before us. When responsibility for environmental problems is individualized, there is little room to ponder institutions, the nature and exercise of political power, or ways of collectively changing the district option of power and influence in society. Many people think that environmental problems are for other people or the government to do something about.But, the environmental issues impact on the quality of life of each and individuals of us, as well as all future generations. Many people also question, What difference can I make? The answer to this is critical it is the combined impact of everyones activities which will make a preference, just as democracy only works if enough people take the time and ef fort to cast their individual votes, which lead to what the majority desire. If everyone takes care of their immediate surroundings and minimizes their own individual resource use, then together these actions will make a difference. . What are the principles Of thought practiced by CEO-Feminism according to Ecological feminism is based on the premise that there Karen J. Warren? Exists a connection between the domination of women the neglect and exploitation of the natural world. According to Karen J. Warren, she gives us a new way of looking and understanding things. She claims that an oppressive conceptual framework is the set of values and attitudes that shape the way in which we look at the world. There exists a characteristic in our oppressive conceptual framework, which is called the logic of domination.Warrens issue isnt so much that this sort of system is used in the framework, but the way in which it is used that ultimately make women inferior. Her point is that this very sa me framework, which leads to the logic of domination, is also used to oppress the natural world. It is a feminism that critiques male bias wherever it occurs in ethics (including environmental ethics) and alms at providing an ethic (including an environmental ethic), which is not male biased-and it does so in a way that satisfies the preliminary boundary conditions of a feminist ethic. (11) Based on her idea, this framework identifies women with nature. Since nature is deemed inferior to man, then women alike are deemed inferior since they are parallel to nature. In conclusion, in order to abolish both the oppression of women and nature this conceptual framework must e abolished. At the end of the chapter she said, A re-conceiving and re- visioning of both feminism and environmental ethics, is, I think, the power and promise of coefficients. (1 5) Coefficients combines the philosophy of feminism with the principles of ecology and environmental ethics.Coefficients generally claims th at the patriarchal structures of our society are what cause environmental degradation. 6. What is, according to Hans Jonas, the categorical imperative, I. E. The absolute commandment, of our age? Is this an anthropocentric view? Discuss and explain. The main idea of this reading is shown at the beginning, Care for the future of mankind is the overruling duty of collective human action in the age of a technical civilization that has become almighty, if not in its productive then at least in its destructive potential. (77) Theres a major impact on the environment in the distant future. We are on the verge of population explosion. While the population has reached a record high, the resources to meet the increasing population have not increased in the same ratio. On the contrary, we are destroying the limited resources at a rapid peed, and very soon we would have used up all the non-renewable resources totally.Unless we take concrete preventive steps in this direction, the incidences a nd the impact of these disasters would only multiply and would seriously affect the lifestyle and standard of living of future generations. Its time for actions. The further observation that in whatever time is left the corrections will become more and more difficult and the freedom to make them more and more restricted. This heightens the duty to that vigilance Over the beginnings which grants priority to well-?grounded ears over against hopes, even if no less well grounded. (91) We are in the present generation are forewarned about the imminent damage we have been inflicting on our environment and our own health. Future generations will have to bear the dire consequences by the environmental devastation. Such damage poses long-lasting threats that affect the health and wellbeing of future generations. It is about time that we gave thoughtful consideration to protect future generations. It is about time that we rise and speak for the interests of future generations, so that they a re able to live on a healthy planet.Midterm ExamWhat went wrong with Saturn? Answer Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or Toyota, earning a low 3% rate of return. Saturn sold cars below the prices of Honda or Toyota, earning a low 3% rate of Question 3 Economic profit is defined as the difference between revenue and . Answer total economic cost Question 4 The primary objective of a for-profit firm is to maximize shareholder value Which of the following will increase (VOW), the shareholder wealth minimization model of the firm VOW(shares outstanding) = Met=l (n t)/ (l+eke)t + Real Option Value.Answer Decrease the required rate of return (eke). Question 6 O out of 4 points The moral hazard in team production arises from lack of proper assignment of individual tasks a conflict between tactically best interest and ones duty Question 7 will be projects with Answer high risk Question 8 The approximate probability of a value occurring that is greater than one standard deviation fro m the mean is approximately (assuming a normal distribution) Answer 15. 7% Question 9 coefficient of variation standard deviation expected value Correct Answer efficient of variation standard deviation expected value Question 10 The level of an economic activity should be increased to the point where the zero.Answer net marginal benefit Question 1 1 is A change in the level of an economic activity is desirable and should be undertaken as long as the marginal benefits exceed the marginal costs Question 12 The standard deviation is appropriate to compare the risk between two investments only if Answer the expected returns from the investments are approximately equal Correct Answer the expected returns from the investments are approximately equalQuestion 13 Songwriters and composers press music companies to lower the price for music downloads because Answer songwriter royalties are a percentage of sales revenue Question 14 The factor(s) which cause(s) a movement along the demand curve include(s) Answer decrease in price of the good demanded Question 15 Those goods having a calculated income elasticity that is negative are called Answer inferior goods An increase in each of the following factors would normally provide a subsequent increase in quantity demanded, except Answer level of competitor advertisingQuestion 17 Which of the following would tend to make demand INELASTIC? No one really wants the product at all the proportion of the budget spent on the item is very small When demand is a percentage change in is exactly offset by the same percentage change in demanded, the net result being a constant total consumer expenditure.Answer unit elastic price quantity Question 19 Auto dealers slash prices at the end of the model year in response to deficient demand/excess inventory but restaurants facing the same problem slash production because Answer rice elasticity of supply in autos is smaller than the absolute value of price elasticity of demand but the reverse is true for restaurants Correct Answer of demand but the reverse is true for restaurants In regression analysis, the existence of a significant pattern in successive values of the error term constitutes Answer autocorrelation Question 21 In regression analysis, the existence of a high degree of intercalation among some or all of the explanatory variables in the regression equation constitutes.Midterm ExamFor humans it is the potential for long-term maintenance of well-being, which in turn depends on the maintenance of the natural world and natural resources. As the earths human population has increased, natural ecosystems have declined and changes in the balance of trial cycles have had a negative impact on both humans and other living systems.Paul Hawked provides 1 2 steps towards a sustainable society. First, Hawked argues that state and national governments should reclaim their power to regulate corporations by rewriting and renewing current corporate charters. Second, Hawked agree s that companies and consumers should be forced to include all the environmental and social costs in making, producing, using, and disposing of products in the cost of goods. Third, we should tax the amount of non-renewable resources, the amount of fossil eels, the amount of waste, and the amount of environment destroyed or abused.Fourth, Hawked says that governments should lease companies the right to use and control certain resources such as fisheries, forests. By making these companies profits dependent on how productive these resources are, they will have a real incentive to protect and even restore these environments to health. Fifth, companies would compete to create industrial design processes in which they greatly reduce their waste. Instead of depending on polluting the environment with their wastes, companies should figure out owe to reduce wastes and actually make them a source of profits.Sixth, consumers would lease the right to use products such as us or cars from compa nies and the companies are responsible for recycling and disposing of those products when the consumer is done using them. Seventh, here Hawked encourages consumers and citizens to put pressure on their politicians and governments to create and enforce strict environmental, health, and social standards. Eighth, Hawked argues that local, state, and national governments must once again be active overseers and regulators of corporations and businesses.Currently corporations argue that governments should not interfere in business and disrupt the magic of free enterprise and the market. Ninth, people need to be taught to understand and consider the larger environmental and social impacts of their actions. Fifth public better understand the environmental risks and benefits of their actions, they would have real incentives to take actions that would protect the environment, their health, and the well-being of their society. Tenth, Hawked tells that we need to do local, state, national, and global surveys of the environment and the impact Of our activities on nature.Eleventh, Hawked thinks that environmentalists will only successfully win the support of the poor and Third World peoples if they convince them that such environmental and economic reforms will improve their health and standards of living. Twelfth, Hawked concludes that these economic and environmental reforms cannot be solely based on economic incentives and profits. These reforms must also be focused on the individual, social, cultural, environmental, and religious benefits of protecting and restoring the environment.Ways of living more sustainable can take many forms. Green building, sustainable agriculture, or sustainable architecture, or using science to develop new technologies, green technologies, renewable energy, to adjustments in individual lifestyles that conserve natural resources. 2. Explain Andrew Dobbins notion of Ecological Citizenship. Start out with a relevant quote from Dobbins essay an d proceed to explain the terms involved and the overall significance of this notion. Citizenship is being a part of the society.Ecological citizenship is the state, character or behavior of a person viewed as a member of the ecosystem with attendant rights and responsibilities, especially the responsibility to maintain ecological integrity and the right to exist in a healthy environment. From the reading, Ecological citizenship deals in the currency of non-contractual responsibility, it inhabits the private as well as the public sphere, it refers to the source rather than the nature of responsibility to determine what count as citizenship virtues, it works with the language of virtue, and it is explicitly non-territorial. (89) However, ecological citizenship, like ecologist, moves in radically new directions. As a means to address global unsuitability, citizenship must exist in an entirely different non-territorial political space, and the space in which a redefined citizenship can be located is our individual ecological footprint. In other words, ecological citizenship is an essential prerequisite of a sustainable society. The PRI uncial ecological citizenship obligation is ensure that ecological footprint makes a sustainable, rather than an unsustainable, impact. (1 1 8) Ecological citizenship is presented as an example and inflection of post-cosmopolitan citizenship. It is contrasted with environmental citizenship. The idea of ecological footprint is a composite measure, which informs sustainable development, ecological economics and urban studies. It is quickly becoming a very practical tool for measuring human impact on the Earths resource base. The ecological footprint is presented as the ecological citizenship, it is used to cause and effect that call forth post-cosmopolitan obligations. . Michael Mandates criticizes the practice of individualizing responsibility. Explain what does that mean. Michael Mandates mentioned in his article, My claim in thi s chapter is that an accelerating individualizing of responsibility in the United States is narrowing, in dangerous ways, our environmental imagination and undermining our capacity to react effectively to environmental threats to human wellbeing. Those troubled by overcompensation, consumerism, and communication should not and cannot ignore this narrowing.Confronting the individualizing of responsibility patently undermines. (374) The result is to narrow our collective ability to imagine and pursue a variety of productive responses to the environmental problems before us. When responsibility for environmental problems is individualized, there is little room to ponder institutions, the nature and exercise of political power, or ways of collectively changing the district option of power and influence in society. Many people think that environmental problems are for other people or the government to do something about.But, the environmental issues impact on the quality of life of each and individuals of us, as well as all future generations. Many people also question, What difference can I make? The answer to this is critical it is the combined impact of everyones activities which will make a preference, just as democracy only works if enough people take the time and effort to cast their individual votes, which lead to what the majority desire. If everyone takes care of their immediate surroundings and minimizes their own individual resource use, then together these actions will make a difference. . What are the principles Of thought practiced by CEO-Feminism according to Ecological feminism is based on the premise that there Karen J. Warren? Exists a connection between the domination of women the neglect and exploitation of the natural world. According to Karen J. Warren, she gives us a new way of looking and understanding things. She claims that an oppressive conceptual framework is the set of values and attitudes that shape the way in which we look at the wor ld. There exists a characteristic in our oppressive conceptual framework, which is called the logic of domination.Warrens issue isnt so much that this sort of system is used in the framework, but the way in which it is used that ultimately make women inferior. Her point is that this very same framework, which leads to the logic of domination, is also used to oppress the natural world. It is a feminism that critiques male bias wherever it occurs in ethics (including environmental ethics) and alms at providing an ethic (including an environmental ethic), which is not male biased-and it does so in a way that satisfies the preliminary boundary conditions of a feminist ethic. (11) Based on her idea, this framework identifies women with nature. Since nature is deemed inferior to man, then women alike are deemed inferior since they are parallel to nature. In conclusion, in order to abolish both the oppression of women and nature this conceptual framework must e abolished. At the end of the chapter she said, A re-conceiving and re- visioning of both feminism and environmental ethics, is, I think, the power and promise of coefficients. (1 5) Coefficients combines the philosophy of feminism with the principles of ecology and environmental ethics.Coefficients generally claims that the patriarchal structures of our society are what cause environmental degradation. 6. What is, according to Hans Jonas, the categorical imperative, I. E. The absolute commandment, of our age? Is this an anthropocentric view? Discuss and explain. The main idea of this reading is shown at the beginning, Care for the future of mankind is the overruling duty of collective human action in the age of a technical civilization that has become almighty, if not in its productive then at least in its destructive potential. (77) Theres a major impact on the environment in the distant future. We are on the verge of population explosion. While the population has reached a record high, the resources to meet the increasing population have not increased in the same ratio. On the contrary, we are destroying the limited resources at a rapid peed, and very soon we would have used up all the non-renewable resources totally.Unless we take concrete preventive steps in this direction, the incidences and the impact of these disasters would only multiply and would seriously affect the lifestyle and standard of living of future generations. Its time for actions. The further observation that in whatever time is left the corrections will become more and more difficult and the freedom to make them more and more restricted. This heightens the duty to that vigilance Over the beginnings which grants priority to well-?grounded ears over against hopes, even if no less well grounded. (91) We are in the present generation are forewarned about the imminent damage we have been inflicting on our environment and our own health. Future generations will have to bear the dire consequences by the environmental de vastation. Such damage poses long-lasting threats that affect the health and wellbeing of future generations. It is about time that we gave thoughtful consideration to protect future generations. It is about time that we rise and speak for the interests of future generations, so that they are able to live on a healthy planet.

Chinese Architecture and Feng Shui: The Siamese Twins Essay

khinese architecture and Feng Shui are pronounced in the same breath as both have come a long way together since the last 4000 years, and now Feng-Shui (Air-Water, literally) has caught the psyche all approximately globe. Feng Shui is, in fact, an ethnic philosophy of China locoweeding with the basic principles of living epoch extending its wings into astrology and different paranormal sources that people believe are associated with longevity and good luck. No wonder then, it continued to govern the Chinese society since its advent and similarly became evolved with time to match the step of the civilization, thereby influencing the living of its believers in every strata. Off late, Feng Shui has been seriously considered as an important tool in architecture around the globe.INTRODUCTIONQuin niao tse, an officer in the Yellow Emperors regime is believed to be the originator or the propagator of Feng Shui, and accordingly once it was called as the Art of Qin niao tse, though e very documentation of his work is considered to be lost (Too, 1996). However, Feng Shui today is known as the art of pop outment. The Feng Shui literary productions primarily describes the earth as a living being, having energy channels. They call them as the veins of the dragon and let the convergence points of those channels as auspicious sites. It embedded Taoism1on its journey, and as an effect, Chinese people authorized its explanation and concretized its foundation by practicing it in the various spheres of their living, of which architecture had been heavily influenced.Incubating PeriodConforming with Taoism, it short established two schools, viz., the Direction nurture and the Situation School, with one complementing the other. They still exists, where The Direction School deals with the accurate alignment of the site and the building with the stars. It is based on the theory of five grammatical constituents, eight characters of put up and eight triagrams of I Ching. The Situation School deals with the significance of shapes, height the mountains, speed and curves of the water bo break outs (Too, 1996).This twin aspects of Feng Shui became customary enough to be spread out not only in the whole of China, but a uniform in its neighboring countries. This generated an extended interest on further study and development of the subject as a whole, and that resulted into the birth of another branch that started to work on the dimension of timing, based on the look that every piece of land goes through a cycle of good and bad luck. This idea influenced the monarchy to such an extent that they became choosy even about their burial sites as that, according to the new branch, had some coach on the longevity of the ruling dynasty. Ming Tombs of Beijing still stands as a proof of such impression beheld by the rulers of the Ming dynasty. (1368-1644).Like every philosophy or idea, Feng Shui also had to face a great deal of upheaval. In its traced track o f existence, it faced ban twice, once in the time of Yuan dynasty (Mongols invaders) and in 1949, when the communistic government of China found it a superstitious practice (Traditional, 2006). But, as the wise says, old habits die hard Feng Shui has gradually bounced back and at depict is doing a roaring business all around the globe where the Chinese themselves have become a minor entrepreneur. Taking clue from the growing market, other ethnic ideas of China, like astrology or acupressure, have also been embedded with Feng Shui to create a universal living solution.How Feng Shui Influences ArchitectureFeasibility of certain requirements of living always determines the viability of any architectural project. At the firstly level it deals with easy accessibility to the site, height and shape of the land, easy availability of water, scope for proper sewerage, sluttish flow of clean air etc. If the primary conditions prove conducive, then the architects emphasize on the punt lev el, where they check and decide on the appropriateness of external and the internal structure of the proposed construction.After that come the factors related to to aesthetics or special features, which could enhance the scope to exploit the surrounding environment. All these levels of considerations are evenly important for both the intended dwellers of the proposed constructions and its surroundings. Since Feng Shui claims to have better prescriptions for all those three levels of consideration along with its large list of advices on actual living principles, it has tremendous influence of architecture industry, as that is being proved even today.The Basics of Feng ShuiFeng Shui claims to assess and identify the positive and negative aspects of a place through its arrangement based on a theory of Yin(the feminine force) and Yang(the male force), the two opposite yet complementary forces which are believed to be the cause of life and death, where Yin is considered as earth and Yin as heaven.There is a symbolic representation of the duo as well, where a line of two dashes represents Yin and a continuous line denotes Yang, speckle each is being derived from a square and a circle, which represent the earth and heaven respectively. Yin and Yang take a set of five elements like nation, chivvy, Metal, Wood and Water to assess and decide on the preconditions of living. Though it is difficult to summarize the huge connotation behind this dualistic philosophy of Yin and Yang, yet it can be verbalise that it propagates to use the right quotient among divergent forces like Heaven, Human being, and Earthto achieve balance and harmony in life.Yin and Yang theory is then joined by Bagua theory, which consists of eight triagrams, known by the names like Qian, Kun, Zhen, Xun, Li, Kan, Dui and Gen. confederacy of these are used to draw a hypothesis about possible future events to take place in the house. In the end Tao, Yin-Yang theory and Bagua theory work togeth er to enhance and maintain Chi, the vital life-force behind everything (Too, 1996).Thus, encompassing the environmental, philosophical and spiritual factor, Feng Shui suggests about the best possible order and transcription of the objects to attain peace or harmony or the other results as desired by the owner of a house. In the process it involves itself into further inside information like assessing the zodiacal placement of the prospective dwellers to present a tailor-made prescription for the design and lay-out for their house, covering both the interior and exterior of it.How It WorksFeng Shui has a set of grammar to follow. It starts with prescribing the possible right directions of a site according to its surroundings (Fong). It identifies one direction as the attributors of certain elements and earmarks certain functions of the house-to-be to that direction. A quick glance on such a list would formulate the subject furtherNorth eastern United States The sphere of Educatio n represented by Earth elementNorth The Area of Career probability represented by Water elementNorthwest Area of Mentor bunch represented by Metal elementWest Area of the Descendants Luck represented by Metal elementSouthwest Area of Love Y Marriage Luck represented by Earth elementSouth Area of Fame and Luck represented by Fire elementSoutheast Area of Wealth Luck represented by Wood elementEast Area of Health and Family Luck represented by Wood element.Various shapes and colors are also believed to be associated with the above directions along with numbers they are calculated on the basis of the of the owners gender and zodiacal data. According to Feng Shui, the productive cycle of the elements work out in the following directionsEarth Fire Wood Water MetalLucky TalismanThere are a a few(prenominal) objects that are considered as the provider of luck and Chi according to the Feng Shui myths and legends (Tips, 2006). The most popular ones are the artifacts like Three-legged toad with a coin in its mouth, bunch of Chinese coins tagged in a red ribbon, the wind-chimes, golden dragon fish, gem trees, crystal globe or other crystal artifacts, tortoises, harvest-festival trees, ships, hens, Mandarin ducks, etc. They are advised to place in the strategic positions according to the need of the householders. culminationApplying calculations involving all these factors mentioned, Feng Shui determines the best possible living solutions for people. Starting from prescribing for a township, it can go down to the minutest details to determine even the placement of small items in a house. In all, Feng Shuis utility rank is great in the sense that creates awareness about healthy and prosperous living, which the modern world embraced and workings on for the sustainable development of the societies across the globe.ReferencesFeng Shui Tips 2006 retrieved March 14, 2007, from http//www.lillian-too.com/fstips.phpFong, H.What You Absolutely Must Know Before You secure A House pdf, retrieved March 14, 2007, from http//www.henryfong.comToo, L. (1996). The Complete Illustrated Guide to Feng Shui How to Apply the Secrets of Chinese Wisdom for Health, Wealth and Happiness. gene BooksTraditional Feng Shui 2006, retrieved March 14, 2007, retrieved from http//www.traditionalfengshui.com/content/feng_shui_consultation.php1Tao (pathway to life), ancient Chinese philosophy on understanding of cosmology, astronomy, and the astrophysics.